NAMA : HERLINA SARI
NPM : 25209341
KELAS : 3 EB 13
Softskill_Meeting 3
In 776 B.C., the first Olympic
Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honor the Greeks’ chief god,
Zeus. The warm climate for outdoor activities, the need for preparedness in
war, and their lifestyle caused the Greeks to create competitive sports. Only
the elite and military could participate at first, but later the games were
open to all free Greek males who had no criminal record. The Greeks emphasized
physical fitness and strength in their education of youth. Therefore, contest
in running, jumping, discuss and javelin throwing, boxing, and horse and
chariot racing were held in individual cities, and the winners competed every
four years at Mount Olympus. Winners were greatly honored by having olive
wreaths placed on their heads and having poems sung about their deeds.
Originally these contests were held as games of friendship, and any wars in
progress were halted to allow the games to take place. They also helped to strengthen
bonds among competitors and the different cities represented.
The Greeks attached so much importance to the games that they calculated time
in four-year cycles called “Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C. The contest
coincided with religious festivities and constituted an all-out effort on the
part of the participants to please the gods. Any who disobeyed the rules were
dismissed and seriously punished. These athletes brought shame not only to
themselves, but also to the cities they represented.
1.
Which of the following is NOT true?
a.
Winners placed olive wreaths on their own heads.
b.
The games were held in Greece every four years.
c.
Battles were interrupted to participate in the games.
d.
Poem glorified the winners in song.
Jawab:
kalimat yang salah adalah C. Battles were interrupted to participate in
the games (yang artinya " Pertempuran
disela untuk berpartisipasi dalam permainan").
Alasan :
Karena dalam paragraph ke 2, kalimat ke 2 dijelaskan bahwa The contest
coincided with religious festivities and constituted an all-out effort on the
part of the participants to please the gods (yang artinya "Kontes ini bertepatan dengan perayaan
keagamaan dan merupakan upaya habis-habisan pada bagian dari peserta untuk
menyenangkan para dewa”).
2.
The word “elite” in line 5 is closest in meaning to…
a.
Aristocracy
c. intellectuals
b.
Brave
d. muscular
Jawab:
A. Aristocracy.
Alasan :
Arti dari “elite” adalah golongan atas, kaum-kaum
atasan, atau orang-orang terkemuka. Aristocracy artinya bangsawan. Jadi kata
"elite" dan kata " Aristocracy " memiliki arti yang sma
yaitu bangsawan.
3.
Why were the Olympic Games held?
a.
To stop
wars
c. To crown the best athletes
b.
To honor
Zeus
d. To sing songs about the athletes
Jawab:
B. To honor Zeus.
Alasan :
Pada paragraph pertama, kalimat pertama dijelaskan
bahwa “In 776 B.C., the first Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount
Olympus to honor the Greeks’ chief god, Zeus”. Jadi olimpiade tersebut diadakan
untuk menghormati Zeus.
4.
Approximately how many years ago did these games originate?
a.
800
years
b. 1,200
years
c. 2,300
years
d. 2,800 years
Jawab:
D. 2800 years.
Alasan :
Dalam paragraph di atas terdapat penjelasan bahwa
Olympic Games pertama kali diadakan pada tahun 776 B.C (776 sebelum masehi).
Dan saat ini tahun sudah tahun 2012 maka Olympic games terjadi sejak 2012 + 776
= 2788 ~ 2800 tahun yang lalu.
5.
What conclusion can we draw about the ancient Greeks?
a.
They were pacifists.
b.
They believed athletic events were important
c.
They were very simple
d.
They couldn’t count, so they used “Olympiads” for dates
Jawab:
B. They believed athletic events were important.
Alasan :
Pada paragrad ke dua, kalimat pertama dijelaskan
bahwa The Greeks attached so much importance to the games that they
calculated time in four-year cycles called “Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C.
Jadi kesimpulannya mereka menganggap bahwa olimpiade olahraga tersebut
sangatlah penting.
6.
What is the main idea of this passage?
a.
Physical fitness was an integral part of the lives of the ancient Greeks
b.
The Greeks severely punished those who did not participate in physical
fitness programs
c.
The Greeks had always encouraged everyone to participate in the games
d.
The Greeks had the games coincide with religious festivities so that
they could go back to war when the games were over.
Jawab:
D. The Greeks had the games coincide with religious
festivities so that they could go back to war when the games were over.
Alasan :
Gagasan utama nya terdapat pada paragraph kedua di
kalimat kedua.
7.
In line 14, the word “deeds” is closest in meaning to
a.
Accomplishments
b.
Ancestors
c.
Documents
d.
Property
Jawab:
a. Accomplishments.
Alasan :
“deeds” artinya adalah tindakan atau perbuatan. Di
dalam kalimat tersebut dapat juga diartikan sama dengan Accomplishments yang
secara harfiah berarti penyelesaian, prestasi, atau kemahiran.
8.
Which of the following was ultimately required of all athletes competing
in the Olympics?
a.
They must have completed military service
b.
They had to attend special training sessions
c.
They had to be Greek males with no criminal record
d.
They had to be very religious
Jawab:
C. They had to be Greek males with no criminal
record.
Alasan :
Terdapat penjelasan pada paragraph pertama, kalimat
ketiga yaitu “but later the games were open to all free Greek males who had no
criminal record.”
9.
The word “halted” in line 16 means most nearly the same as ..
a.
Encourages
b.
Started
c.
Curtailed
d.
Fixed
Jawab:
C. Curtailed.
Alasan :
“halted” artinya adalah berhenti sebentar yang
dalam kalimat diatas dapat juga berarti Curtailed yang memiliki arti membatasi
atau mengurangi.
10. What
is an “Olympiad”?
a.
The time it took to finish the games
b.
The time between games
c.
The it took to finish a war
d.
The time it took the athletes to train
Jawab:
B. The time between games.
Alasan :
Penjelasan tentang "Olympiad" terdapat
dalam kalimat the games that they calculated time in four-year cycles called
“Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C.
STYLISTIC PROBLEMS
1.
The defendant refused to answer the prosecutor’s questions ____________
a.
Because he was afraid it would incriminate him.
b.
For fear that they will incriminate him
c.
Because he was afraid that his answers would incriminate him
d.
Fearing that he will be incriminated by it
Jawab:
C. Because he was afraid that his answers would
incriminate him.
Alasan :
Pada soal terdapat “questions” yang merupakan
bentuk jamak. Maka jawaban C adalah jawaban yang paling tepat karena “that his
answers” juga merupakan bentuk jamak.
2.
Mrs. Walker has returned_______________
a.
A wallet back to its original owner
b.
To its original owner the wallet
c.
The wallet to its originally owner
d.
The wallet to its original owner
Jawab:
D. The wallet to its original owner.
Alasan :
Kata “return” diikuti dengan kata “to” dan owner
diikuti dengan adverb. Dalam hal ini jawaban D.
3.
The hospital owes____________ for the construction of the new wing.
a.
The government twenty million dollars
b.
For the government twenty million dollars
c.
To the government twenty million dollars
d.
Twenty million of dollars to the government
Jawab:
A. The government twenty million dollars.
Alasan :
Struktur dari kalimat tersebut setelah verb lalu
dilanjutkan dengan objek. Maka jawaban yang paling tepat adalah A. The
government twenty million dollars.
4.
Sarah ____________ that she could not attend classes next week.
a.
Told to her professors
b.
Said her professors
c.
Told her professors
d.
Is telling her professors
Jawab:
C. Told her professors.
Alasan :
Susunan yang benar adalah tidak menggunakan “to”
maka jawaban yang paling tepat adalah C. Told her professors
5.
The artist was asked to show some paintings at the contest because___________
a.
He painted very good
b.
They believed he painted well
c.
Of their belief that he was an good artist
d.
The judges had been told of his talents
Jawab:
B. They believed he painted well.
Alasan :
jawaban B adalah jawaban yang paling tepat karena
setelah verb (painted) dibutuhkan adverb (well) bukan adjective.
6.
If motorists do not
observe the traffic regulations, they will be stopped,
ticketed, and
A
B
C
have
to pay a fine.
D
Jawab:
If motorists do not observe the traffic
regulations, they will be stopped, ticketed, and
have to be paid a fine.
Alasan :
karena stopped dan ticketed merupakan bentuk pasif
maka have to pay juga harus dalam bentuk pasif. Jadi have to pay diganti
menjadi have to be paid.
7.
Fred, who usually conducts the
choir rehearsals, did not show up last night
A
B
because
he had an accident on his way to the practice.
Jawab:
Fred, who usually conducts the choir rehearsal, did
not show up last night
because he had an accident on his way to the
practice.
Alasan :
kata rehearsals tidak memerlukan huruf ‘s’
karena bukan merupakan verb dari “the choir”
8.
A short time before her operation last month, Mrs. Carlyle dreams of her
daughter
A
B
C
who lives overseas.
D
Jawab:
A short time before her operation last month, Mrs.
Carlyle dreamed of her daughter
who lives overseas.
Alasan :
kalimat di atas berbentuk lampau. Kata “dreams”
salah karena tidak berbentuk lampau. Maka kata “dreams” diubah menjadi
“dreamed”.
9.
The atmosphere in Andalucía is open, warm, and gives a welcome feeling
to all
A
B
who have the good fortune to visit there.
C
D
Jawab:
The atmosphere in Andalucía is open, warm, and
gives a welcome feeling to a that have the good fortune to visit there.
Alasan
kata that berfungsi untuk menjelaskan kata "the atmosphere".
kata that berfungsi untuk menjelaskan kata "the atmosphere".
10. Some
of the people were standing in the street watched the parade,
A
B
C
while others were singing songs.
D
Jawab:
Some people were standing in the
street watching the parade, while others were singing songs.
Alasan :
Kata "watched" salah karena kalimat
tersebut berbentuk past participle yang kata kerjanya seharusnya menggunakan
verb-ing, maka kata "watched" harus diganti menjadi watching.
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